In terms of FreeBSD console, there are two settings typically set in /boot/loader.conf to affect early boot behavior.
kern.vty=sc
This setting tells FreeBSD to use the "sc" (syscons) console driver instead of the newer "vt" (Newcons) driver.
- sc is the older legacy text console system.
- vt (the default in modern FreeBSD versions) supports Unicode, better font rendering, and KMS (Kernel Mode Setting) for modern graphics.
You might set kern.vty=sc for:
- Compatibility with older hardware
- Simpler framebuffer requirements
- Easier use in virtual machines or serial consoles
hw.vga.textmode=1
This setting forces the VGA hardware to remain in text mode during the boot process and afterward. When used with kern.vty=sc, it helps to avoid switching to graphics mode. It is useful on real hardware where mode switching causes flicker, or to avoid issues with VMs or KVMs that don't like graphics mode.
It ensures that the system boots and runs entirely in VGA 80x25 text mode, improving compatibility and avoiding graphical issues.
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